Construction project management typically follows six phases:
Design and Planning
The Design and Planning phase in construction project management is the stage where the project objectives, scope, budget, schedule, and quality are defined and documented. This phase involves a collaborative effort among the project owner, the design team, the contractor, and other stakeholders to ensure that the project meets the needs and expectations of the end users. The Design & Planning phase consists of several sub-phases, such as:
Conceptual design
The initial phase where the project vision, goals, and requirements are established and communicated.
Schematic design
The phase where the design team develops preliminary drawings and specifications that illustrate the general layout, appearance, and functionality of the project.
Design finalization
The phase where the design team refines and finalizes the drawings and specifications, incorporating feedback from the owner and other stakeholders.
Construction documents
The phase where the design team prepares detailed approved for construction drawings and specifications that describe the materials, methods, and systems to be used in the construction of the project.
The Design & Planning phase is critical for the success of any construction project, as it lays the foundation for the execution and delivery of the project. A well-designed and planned project can reduce risks, costs, delays, and errors while enhancing quality, safety, and customer satisfaction.
Procurement
The procurement phase in construction project management is the process of acquiring the necessary materials, equipment, and labour for the project. It involves identifying the project requirements, developing procurement strategies, selecting suppliers and contractors, negotiating contracts, and managing the delivery and performance of the procured items.
The procurement phase is crucial for ensuring that the project is completed on time, within budget, and with the desired quality.
The procurement phase can be divided into four sub-phases: planning, sourcing, contracting, and controlling.
Mobilization
The mobilization phase in construction project management is the process of preparing the site, equipment, materials, and personnel for the execution of the project. It involves setting up the site office, securing permits and licenses, mobilizing the equipment, workforce, and subcontractors, and establishing communication and safety protocols.
The mobilization phase is critical for ensuring that the project starts on time.
Building
The building phase in construction project management is the stage where the actual construction work takes place. It involves executing the plans and designs that were developed in the previous phases.
The building phase also includes managing the resources, budget, schedule, quality, safety, and risks of the project.
The building phase is typically the longest and most complex phase of a construction project, as it requires coordination and communication among various stakeholders, such as the project manager, contractors, subcontractors, suppliers, engineers, architects, and clients.
The building phase can be divided into several sub-phases enabling works, foundation work, structural work, mechanical and electrical work, interior and exterior finishing, landscaping, and commissioning.
Commissioning
The commissioning phase in construction project management is the final stage of the project life cycle, where the systems and components of the building are tested and verified to ensure they meet the owner's project requirements.
The commissioning phase starts as early as the design phase and continues through construction and operations. It involves a series of activities such as documenting, scheduling, inspecting, testing, and training.
The commissioning phase aims to improve the quality, performance, and sustainability of the building, as well as to facilitate a smooth handover process to the owner and client. The phase usually also follows certain standards such to achieve energy efficiency and environmental goals.
Owner Occupancy
The owner occupancy phase is the stage of a construction project management process, where the owner or the end-user of the project takes over the facility and starts using it for its intended purpose. This phase involves several activities, such as:
- Conducting a final inspection and punch list to identify and correct any defects or deficiencies in the work done by the contractor.
- Obtaining all the necessary permits, certificates, warranties, and manuals from the contractor and the authorities.
- Transferring all the project documents, records, and data from the contractor to the owner.
- Providing training and orientation to the owner and the end-users on how to operate and maintain the facility.
The Owner Occupancy phase is a critical phase that ensures a smooth transition from construction to operation and maximizes the value and benefits of the project for the owner and the end-users.
Project Closeout
The close-out phase in construction project management is the final stage of a project, where all the deliverables are accepted, and the contract and the project are formally closed. The close-out phase involves several activities, such as:
- Performing final audits to ensure that the project meets the agreed goals.
- Obtaining client acceptance and sign-off for the completed work and deliverables.
- Handing over the project documentation, records, and assets to the client or the designated owner.
- Releasing the project resources, such as staff, equipment, materials, and facilities.
- Evaluating the project performance, outcomes, and lessons learned.
- Sometimes, celebrating the project’s success and recognizing the contributions of the project team and stakeholders.
The close-out phase is important for ensuring that the project is completed successfully and that the client is satisfied with the results. It also provides an opportunity to learn from the project experience and improve future projects.